Thicker leaves may have damage on only one side. Shell with or without bands; slender; Suture deeply impressed; upper whorls with a strongly carinate periphery (Fig. The coloring makes state officials. Body whorl relatively rapidly expanding in diameter (Fig. Aquatic; moves by gliding motion. 83). M-879 CONE SNAIL, Conus floridanus A small and less poisonous species, no one has ever died or been stung by one of these slow-movers, but like all cones, they have a venomous proboscis. When trying to identify the type of snail, the easiest method is to check it out closely. Amber to milky white in color (Figs. 1978. Their color varies from red-orange, to pink, to a blue purple. Numerous species of exotic snails are serious pests of plants and threats to public health. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 86: 29-66. (Thompson, 1968). Shell usually planispiral, but two species may have a flat-topped, elevated spire. (Menke, 1839). (Thompson, 1968). 125); accessory crest absent on penis. Sculpture consisting of distinct spiral striations and threads superimposed on growth striations (Fig. 1965. Arboreal forms, such as Liguus of Florida and Cuba, tend to be brightly coloured; terrestrial forms usually are drab. Aperture broadly attached to preceding whorl across parietal wall. (Say, 1829). The coloration of the aperture and the embryonic shell is not consistent within single population samples, and the contour of the outer lip is highly variable within single drainage systems and with the age of the specimens examined. In previous editions of the manual species of Floridobia were placed in the genus Cincinnatia. Shell elongate-conical, with about 5-7 whorls. 95). 24, 27). It should be remembered that it is only a key which emphasizes shell characters. The greatest diversity of genera and species is in the Indo-Australian region. Outer lip of aperture nearly straight in lateral profile (Figs. The lymnaeid fauna of the southeast is particularly depauperate compared to more northern and western regions of the continent. Vail, V. A. Other families occur elsewhere in North America and in other continents. They achieve their greatest diversity in genera and species in temperate North America. 7-9). Aphaostracon pachynotus In 2011, a population of the pests was discovered in Miami-Dade County. Laevapex is a North American genus. Shell globose with a short depressed spire; body whorl ample; umbilicus closed. Adult shells about 40 70 mm high (Fig. Sexes not conspicuously dimorphic in size. On sibling species and genetic diversity in Florida Goniobasis (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia, Pleuroceridae). Earlier whorls of adult shell with vertical ribs and spiral chords. Walkerana, 13: 1-108. Snails in wild populations range in shell color from yellow to brownish-black, and may contain stripes or dimpling. Spire short and compact, about 0.5-0.7 times height of aperture in mature specimens, proportionally longer in juveniles (Fig. (Pilsbry and Johnson, 1903). The horntail . Peristome ovate to subcircular. Apex less than 0.4 times length of shell. Parietal margin of operculum slightly convex in outline (Fig. Elimia dickinsoni 19-21). Body whorl uniformly rounded peripherally (Fig. (Lea, 1838). Shell conical or cylindric-conical. Florida Cone (Family) Conidae Distinguishing Characteristics: The Cones are easily identified by the distinctive cone-like shape and a long aperture that reaches up to their shoulder. It was first identified in Florida by Dr. Harry G. Lee, who discovered the snail in Duval County in 2009. Penis with 3 papillae along right margin (Fig. Sculpture consisting of fine incremental threads, and spiral striations that may become obsolete at maturity. Marginal teeth of radula spatulate and bearing 8-10 weakly differentiated cusps. Apex with fine radial striations (Figs. 146). Radial riblets on entire surface of shell except apex. Penis with a large, blade-like flagellum with continuous heavy dermal glands along each side (Figs. Shell small, 2.0-2.8 mm long. Apical whorls bluntly rounded and not conspicuously elevated. It should also be remembered that many groups have not been studied sufficiently, and the reader may have material that adds to or contradicts previously recorded information. Shell very thin, fragile, transparent. 162-164). All snails in the subfamily Achatininae, including the giant African snail (GAS) (Lissachatina fulica), are regulated plant pests. This is essential in the case of the Hydrobiidae. Davis, G.M., M. Mazurkiewicz, & M. Mandracchia. Attains a length of 30-40 mm (Fig. Ghost Rams-horn Spire shorter, conical, 0.7-1.3 times length of aperture, nearly straight-sided in outline, suture of whorls weakly or moderately impressed. 2018). Occasional Papers on Mollusks, 2: 261-87. Operculum constructed entirely of concentric rings (Fig. Umbilicus of shell closed. Cockscomb Hydrobe Prominent vertical ribs on middle and upper whorls. (Thompson, 1968). Being nocturnal, these pests aren't always feeding when you're scouting. Shell conical, thick, opaque. Identification KeysThese files are all keys for the identification of various kinds of organisms. Length of shell 2.0-2.5 mm (Fig. Shell globose with a relatively depressed spire; about 1.0- 1.2 times as high as wide. Subspecies bear the same name as the nominate subspecies, as is consistent with the standard used by the American Fisheries Society for fishes, and by other societies for other classes of animals. The shell characters given above for separating the families apply only to Florida species. A parasite that can cause fatal disease in people and animals has been detected in South Florida (South Florida Sun-Sentinel) A dangerous parasite found in the giant African land snails that. Knobby Elimia Mimic Pondsnail It is essential that clean specimens be examined under proper lighting to observe diagnostic sculpture characteristics. This is not the first time Florida has dealt with an invasion of giant snails. Vertical ribs relatively strong and more widely spaced. (Say, 1825). Operculum tightly coiled with four slowly expanding whorls (Figs. A single species consisting of two highly variable subspecies occurs in Florida. Marginal teeth of radula trapezoidal with well-differentiated cusps. Shell obese and ponderous. Newborn young about 4.5 mm in diameter (this can be determined by removing juveniles from brood pouch). Definitive identifications may require anatomical dissections and reference to other literature. Spiral or costate sculpture usually present. Shell usually large, about 12-16 mm long. Aperture ovate; baso-columellar angle not extended; basal lip not indented. Aperture oval, about 0.75 times as wide as high. Biomphalaria havanensis Other species deposit eggs during the period of March through May, at which time the adults die and immature forms dominate the population through August or September. Aphaostracon chalarogyrus (Thompson, 1968). Most other genera have received relatively minor attention, and their systematics are in flux. Base of last whorl with prominent spiral ridges. Vas deferens the only duct present in penis (Fig. 204-207), often eroded in older specimens. (Thompson, 1968). Fighting a new infestation of an invasive, crop-damaging snail, Florida agriculture officials on Thursday said they have collected 1,000 of the creatures in just over a week in Pasco County, where they were recently discovered following two years in abeyance. Clench, W.J. 56). Shell elongate. Aperture without serrate denticles on parietal wall. Walker, B. Micromenetus d. dilatus Shell generally thin but strong; whorls of spire strongly convex with deep suture (Figs. Aphaostracon asthenes Shell thick and solid; whorls weakly convex or flattened (Figs. Whorls generally arched. Spire depressed, much less than height of aperture, occasionally planular (Figs. Outer lip strongly sinuous. Littoridinops is found most frequently in brackish water, although the three species found in Florida also occur in frehswater. (Clench, 1925). (Lamark, 1822). Floridobia vanhyningi Aperture strongly oblique. (Fig. Shell about 0.38-0.41 times as wide as high and about 20-27 mm long. About fifteen species have been described from North America. Identify your shells using our popular photo guide to southwest Florida shells from Sanibel Island and beyond. (Thompson, 1968). Two new species of hydrobiid snails from Florida and Georgia, and a discussion of the biogeography of south Georgia streams. Aperture widely separated from preceding whorl. Floridobia mica The shells should be rinsed frequently in tap water during the cleaning process to prevent etching by the acid. Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan, i-xii, 1-324. Florida Museum of Natural History Taylor (2003) monographed the family Physidae. Whorls uniformly rounded, not flattened above (Fig.144). Vertical ribs smooth along the periphery, strongly developed (Fig. Sexes strongly dimorphic in size, males about half as long as females. 101). Outer lip partially flattened in adults. 1969. Periphery of body whorl below middle, side of whorl flattened and sloping toward apex (Fig. Two occur in Florida. 55). Clench, W.J., & S. L. H. Fuller. Thompson, F. G. & R. Hershler. Penny Sprite) Micromenetus floridensis (Baker, 1945). 57). Elimia buffyae Those had gray-brown flesh. 40). Apex flat with narrow threadlike keel. Shell elliptical in shape. 160, 163, 166). Fortunately in Florida, the species are relatively easy to distinguish. Columellar margin of aperture wide, rounded in front like a spindle. The genus is found along the east coast of North America from Maryland south to Tabasco, Mexico. Similarities in appearance among the exotic species can make identification very difficult. Shell large, 3.7-4.5 mm long; adults with 4.6-5.3 whorls; lower corner of aperture slightly extended forward as a weak, tongue-like projection (Fig. After the shells are thoroughly rinsed, they can be air-dried in cardboard trays. Lower margin of aperture not advanced beyond upper margin. 12). A review of the recent freshwater limpet snails of North America. Outer lip nearly straight and parallel to axis of shell in adults (Fig. Apex about 0.4-0.5 times length of shell. 17, 29-32), shell usually banded in Florida forms. Florida authorities believe that the snail, native to eastern Africa, was reintroduced to the state when someone brought it home as a pet. Shell planular or disc-shaped; spire flat when raised above succeeding whorls (Figs. Seminole Rams-horn Aperture broadly elliptical. Spiral sculpture faint or absent (Figs. Few of the North American species have been studied to the extent that their taxonomy, geographic distributions, life histories, and ecology are documented. Operculum with about 6 slowly expanding whorls (Fig. Rails, gallinules, coots and cranes. 148). 34, 35) (Pomatiopsis, Fig. . Shell dark brown. 111). Dasyscia franzi Gulf Coast Pebblesnail) Somatogyrus walkerianus (Aldrich, 1905). Vernacular names are given only for species. They can also carry rat lungworm, which causes meningitis in humans. Ponderous Siltsnail Ichetucknee Siltsnail Marisa cornuaurietus Giant African land snails, an invasive species of mollusk, poses a threat to Florida residents as it can spread meningitis from a parasite it carries. There were no references to cover the entire state. Basch (1963) revised the classification and recognized only twelve species. (Walker, 1925). This snail was twice established in southeastern Florida and was successfully eradicated both times. Body whorl inflated. Vertical sculpture reduced to irregularly spaced and uneven growth striations or low undulating ribs. Littoridinops monroensis Periphery of last whorl bluntly angular, lying below plane of apex (Figs. Crystal Siltsnail Elimia floridensis Shell with prominent ribs and spiral chords on all whorls. GAINESVILLE, Fla., Feb. 26 (UPI) -- University of Florida researchers have confirmed the presence of a deadly parasite in three non-native species of snails that have colonized South Florida. (Vanatta, 1935). Tryonia aequicostatus Purple-throated Campeloma 92). (Thompson, 1968). Shell variable in shape. 149). The sexes are separate and fertilization is internal (Andrews, 1964). Shell small, about 3.0-3.5 mm long; adult with 4.4-4.8 whorl; lower corner of aperture tending to be angulate with fluted channel (Fig. Central tooth of radula with basocones located on fore or lateral wing of tooth (Figs. 180-182). Lymnaeids are a nearly cosmopolitan family of freshwater snails. Shell larger, 2.2-4.8 mm long. Pygmy Siltsnail) Floridobia parva (Thompson, 1968). Shell nearly smooth, sculptured with irregularly spaced incremental striations (Figs. Planorbella trivolvis intertexta Tadpole Physa Bulletin of the Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-600/3-82-026: i-vi, 1-294. Sides of spire concave in outline (Fig. Thiarids are ecologically significant because they tend to replace native snails where they are introduced and because of their abundance. 33); males without copulatory structures. Suture more deeply impressed than in 77a. As of last . Moderately large, thick-shelled operculate snails. Surface smooth or dented with hammer marks. The following key is modified from Basch (1963). Critical Florida references are Thompson 1968, 1969, 2000; Thompson and Hershler, 1991, and Hershler and Thompson, 1992. Rhapinema dacryon (Jay, 1839). Types of Shells In Florida: Seashell Identification Guide It lurks nearly a foot beneath the dunes of Sanibel Island. Operculum paleomelanian, with a large sub-centrally located nucleus (Fig. Aperture terminating below periphery of body whorl. Medium to large freshwater snails found on all continents except South America. The deterioration process is not reversible. Micromenetus brogniartiana Video. Ovate Campeloma Red-rimmed Melania Thiarids are found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This subfamily includes about fifteen North American and European genera (Thompson 1979). Adult size small, about 12-16 mm long (Fig. Shell with darker colored spiral chords that may be smooth or wavy. Shell with 5.0-6.5 whorls; about 3-5 mm long (Fig. 141). Shell larger, 2.8-4.6 mm long; adults with 4.0-4.9 whorls; spire longer, 0.9-1.3 times height of aperture; superior tubercles not arranged in oblique longitudinal series. Last few whorls in large adults scalariform. (The penis is normally recurved into the mantle cavity, except during mating. University of Florida scientists say the nightmarishly named "rat lungworm" has been found in multiple species of snails in the Miami area, including the invasive giant African snail. Amnicola is a widespread genus in temperate North America. The beaches in Florida are perfect for shelling and beach combing. 22). 17-29). Taylor recognizes twenty-three genera based on the soft anatomy. Brownish-yellow in color (Fig. Campeloma geniculum (Conrad, 1834) is readily recognized by its obese, solid shell; it usually has a normal proportion of males in its populations, although some populations are apomictic parthenogens. Aphaostracon hypohyalina 121). Vail, V. A. (Fig. The state says a "gastropod enthusiast" collected unusual snails in the Coconut Grove area back in August. Newborn young about 3 mm in diameter. This monumental work changed all previous concepts concerning subfamilies, genera and species in the family. Pseudotryonia brevissimus Helisoma anceps anceps Aperture free from, or only in slight contact with, preceding whorl. Shell coiled to the right, with the aperture on the right side (Figs. Shell medium-sized, 2.8 3.5 mm long; spire 0.9 1.1 times length of aperture; shell with 4.2-4.7 whorls (Fig. They are commonly found on live aquatic plant stems, dead leaves and sticks, and on bottles and cans. 99). 10). Last whorl of adult shell smooth or with growth striations, but not with ribs and spiral chords. Vas deferens independent of blind caecum and its duct. (Pfeiffer, 1839). 36). Shell depressed. 127); superior tubercles on penis arranged in oblique longitudinal series. Incremental striations uniformly weak. Umbilicus narrow (Figs. Some were range extensions for species known to occur in adjacent areas. Evolution has occurred through reproductive specialization, with each genus and most species having distinctive patterns of dermal glands. Penis simple, elongate-conical, without papillae (Fig. You can also navigate through the images by clicking on the arrows near the left and right edges of the enlarged view. Thompson, F.G. 1968. Aperture loosely attached to or widely separated from preceding whorl. Conical with relatively slender whorls. Two genera of North American freshwater snails: Marstonia Baker, 1926 resureected to generic status, and Floridobia, new genus (Prosobranchia, Hydrobiidae, Nymphophilinae).

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